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Practical answers on the torch consumables, wire feed parts and holder spares used with a multi-process MIG welder, and how to match them to your machine.
The bore is made only slightly larger than the wire so that the wire makes good electrical contact as it passes through. Running a smaller wire through an oversize tip limits current transfer and causes constant micro-arcing inside the tip, which wears it out early. An oversize bore also hurts current pick-up, so tips should be replaced when wear is excessive.So check the wire diameter on the spool and use a tip marked for that diameter, and the thread and length your torch takes. Look at the markings on the tip and in the torch manual.
It matters a lot. A tip that is loose, or not sitting flat on its holder, gives a poor electrical connection, which makes it overheat and wear quickly. The tip should sit flat on the tip holder with the threads in full contact, tightened with a suitable tool.As a rule, screw it in by hand and then snug it with the correct tip tool; over-tightening can damage the tip or the holder. Do this with the torch cold and the machine isolated, and make sure the tip, holder and diffuser are all clean and fully seated before you start welding.
The nozzle directs the shielding gas over the weld, so spatter inside it can restrict the gas flow or make it turbulent, which can cause porosity in the weld. Clean it regularly for this reason. Replace the nozzle if it is bent, damaged or has spatter that can no longer be removed.Clean it with the machine off and the torch cold, using an anti-spatter product or a soft wire brush rather than scraping with pliers, and do not hit it to knock spatter off, as that can deform it and damage the parts behind it. Use a nozzle rated for the current you weld at, because a nozzle used above its rating can break down from overheating.
Cut the liner with a sharp side cutter for a clean edge and remove any burrs, because burrs shave the wire and cause feeding trouble. A common reason for a liner wearing out early is cutting it too short. The liner should seat flush against the contact tip, with slight pressure when the tip is screwed in.Keep the cable as straight as possible while fitting, and compare the new length against the old one and the torch manual. A pull test helps: if you cannot pull the wire through by hand with the feed rolls released, the wire or liner needs attention. Isolate the machine first.